CODE MIXING IN KISS 105 FM RADIO MEDAN Afni Rosalina

This research deals with code mixing in kiss 105 Fm Medan. The aims are to find; (1) the type of code mixing in kiss 105 Fm Medan (2) how the announcers mix language in the process of broadcasting. Code mixing occurs when speakers mix and insert foreign words (other code) in the dominant language used (Bloomfield, 1972). The whole process of analysis is conducted with descriptive qualitative method focusing on a detailed examination of one setting or a single subject, a single depository of document, or one particular event. (Moleong, 2000). The data are from the utterances of announcers which contain code mixing during the process of broadcasting in two different radio programs; kiss weekly hot forty and movie buzz. The data are analyzed by using some steps as normally applied in descriptive qualitative method. The results show that the three types of code mixing, namely intra-sentential, intralexical, and a change of pronunciation are found in the utterances of the announcers. The intra sentential is dominantly found in this research. The total number of intra sentential is 38, while the total number of intra lexical is 6.


Introduction
Language informs the way we think, the way we experience, and the way we interact with each other.Language does not only provide the basis of community, but also the grounds for division.Language is a power source of communication in any social interaction.This means that language plays an important role in our daily life.People will not survive in their social community without language.Language allows people to communicate to other people.People have their own way to use the language in order to exist in their community.One of them is using more than one language.(Fishman, 1972) In this urbanization era, many people are able to master more than one language, it is known as bilingualism.According to Bloomfield (1972:25) Bilingualism is the ability to use two languages as equally well.It happens because they want to be accepted by their surroundings and it does not only happen in the official situation, but it also happens in the daily conversation.For example, English has a great influence to Bahasa Indonesia.English gives great contribution to the way of communication.Indonesian people often use English and Bahasa Indonesia in their daily life.Many Indonesian people use both Bahasa Indonesia and English in their daily life.The speaker's ability to use more than one language in their daily conversation let them switch their native language to other languages.This phenomenon is called as code mixing.Code mixing occurs when speakers mix and insert foreign words (other code) in the dominant language used.In communication, code is a rule for converting a piece of information (for example a letter, word, phrase, or gesture) not necessarily of the same type.(Eckert, 2009) The use of different codes depends on the variability of the language and the specification of the language users in a multilingual society.It means that the different code happens because the varieties of people who live in one residence want to interact each other.The speaker chooses different codes for particular occasions.(Gardner-Chloros, 2009) "please, kalau mau datang on time lah".This is an example of code-mixing.In addition, the phenomenon of code mixing happens in many media of communication, one of them is Radio.Radio is the communication media which allows people to communicate for sending and receiving the information through the air with radio waves.In this urban era, radio announcers use more than one language in their daily interactions to their listeners.They try to convey their information by using English and Bahasa Indonesia.(Tajuddin, 2013) Furthermore, Kiss 105 Fm radio is one of the popular radios in Medan.Kiss Fm radio always updates to the changing of communication.The radio announcers of Kiss Fm radio have the ability to speak two languages: Bahasa Indonesia and English.They use both Bahasa and English when they open and close the program, presenting the songs, and talking to the listeners.
Based on this phenomenon, the writer is interested in analyzing the code mixing in Kiss 105 Fm Medan.Kiss 105 Fm Medan broadcasts many radio programs presented by the radio announcers in English and Bahasa Indonesia.Because of the diversity of language users in Medan, the radio announcers of Kiss 105 fm Medan presents their programs and express their ideas by using Bahasa Indonesia and English.smoothly.For example, "Waktunya Bea signing of rekan sebaya, ketemu lagi next time ya still in One Oh Five The Hottest Hits in Medan".This example shows how the announcers mix their languages to convey one idea.In this case, the writer chooses two radio programs, they are; Kiss weekly hot forty, and Movie Review which are broadcasted every Wednesday and Thursday.

Literature Review
The definition of bilingualism varies according to some linguists and the aspects that they consider.Bilingualism must be able to account for the presence of at least two languages within one and the same speakers, remembering that the ability in these two languages may or may not be equal, and that the way of two or more languages are used to play a highly significant role (Beardsmore, 1982) Bilingualism is defined as the use of two languages either by an individual or by a group of speakers.Spolsky (1998) defines bilingual as a person who has some function ability in second language.It means that bilingual refers to a person who has ability to speak a second language as well as first language.
A person is claimed to be bilingual if she or he is able to use more than one language (Fishman, 1985).The ability of bilingualism may or may not be equal in terms of language competence as well as performance in both languages.The competence includes pronunciation, lexicon and structure, while the performance includes the ability in producing the languages either in spoken or written form.
According to Beardsome (1982) there are some categories that underlie the classification of bilingual individual.Bilingual can be classified based on the process of how he or she acquired the languages.A natural bilingual is a person who has not undergone any specific training.Based on natural bilingual, it is understood that someone who has picked up two languages by force of circumstances, either in the home as a child or by moving to a community where the speaker is obliged to work with more than one language.Muysken (2000) states that the examples of natural bilingual can be found in the family where the parents speak different languages, and the child is able to speak the two languages.
On the other hand, a person who masters two languages automatically can use two languages.First language is his/her own mother tongue or his/her fist language and the second language which other languages to be his/her second language.People who can use second language is called bilingualism.According to Bloomfield (1972:27) bilingualism is the ability to use two languages which is as well as the native user, formulating the bilingualism as the mastery of two languages in the same proficiency or native like control of two languages.The mastery of languages with the same fluency and accuracy as the native speakers is very difficult to assess.
The category that underlies the classification of bilingual is the ability of the speaker in either understanding or producing the second language.The first step is receptive bilingual.This particular description fits the person who understand a second language, in either spoken or written form.This kind of bilingual is commonly found in the foreign language classrooms where the students are able to understand the written and spoken language they learnt, yet fail to produce it.The second type of bilingual is a person who has the ability not only understanding but also speaking and most possibly writing in two or more languages.This type is called productive bilingual.Most foreign language teaching programs are designed potentially to lead to productive bilingualism though whether they do so or not depend to a large extent on the point at which one considers a person can handle the second language with enough facility to be classified as a bilingual.Productive bilingualism does not necessarily imply that the individual is capable of both writing and speaking two languages to the same level of proficiency.Such equivalent ability or largely determined by the learning circumstances.Some people are able to speak and understand two languages with almost equal facility without necessarily being able to write either of them adequately, while other can write only one with any degree of accuracy though they may speak two languages.Productive bilingual may be able to write relatively easily in two languages but not to speak with equal fluency in two languages, though often the ability to use the written form productively implies relative case in oral abilities.(Sumarsih and Bahri, 2014) The benefits of bilingualism extend to social as well as professional life.Being bilingual means having the knowledge of two languages.There are a number of languages spoken throughout the world.Every person knows at least one language which they learn to speak and even write in their childhood.
Shortly, in the where two or more languages are available, bilinguals often mix their in communication.Language mixing refers to the use of two linguistic codes which includes language, dialect and register within a discourse.This language mixing typically consists of words from the two languages produced in the same utterance, or morphological endings from one language being attached to word stem from the other.

Research Method
A research must be written based on a design of the research as to ensure that the research-paper reaching the target.Qualitative research method is used in this research, that is one method that fits perfectly for this research because this research is focused on transcript of recording of the radio announcer.Qualitative research refers to several research strategies that share certain characteristics.The idea of qualitative research is as an umbrella to select the informants (people, documents, or visual materials) that will be answer to the research question.This study uses case study, a detailed examination of one setting or a single subject, a single depository of document, or one particular event.(Moleong, 2000) The data of this research was the transcription of the utterances of the radio announcers recorded from two different programs, namely: Kiss Weekly Hot Forty and Movie Buzz.Kiss Weekly Hot Forty is broadcasted every Thursday night at 9 pm and Movie Buzz is broadcasted every Wednesday night at 9 pm.The data are taken during those programs being on air.

Discussion
After going through with the data, the types of code mixing which have been identified in the transcription should be classified and grouped into the table and the forms of types of code mixing.Code mixing is a mixing of two codes or more languages, usually without a change of topic.In addition Hoffman (1991) shows many types of code mixing, namely intra-sentential, intra-lexical, and a change of pronunciation.

Intra-setential
This kind of code mixing occurs within a phrase, a clause or a sentence boundary, for instance; "Hai music freaks, yang pasti sampai satu jam kedepan seperti biasa Nisa balik lagi buat nemeni kamu di Kiss Weekly Hot Forty The Show untuk mengupdate 10 new entry yang diprediksi bakal jadi top hot air play di Kiss fm".This data showed that the radio announcer used code mixing in her utterances when she was talking to the listeners.She mixed English and Indonesian in each phrase.Music freaks means the call name for all listeners which means the people who are very interested in the brand-new song.While, top hot air play means the most request songs.So if the utterance is in Bahasa Indonesia, it should be "Hai pecinta lagu baru, yang pasti sampai satu jam kedepan seperti biasa Nisa balik lagi buat nemeni kamu di Kiss Weekly Hot Forty The Show untuk mengupdate 10 new entry yang diprediksi bakal jadi lagu yang paling banyak diminati di Kiss fm" The following tables show the type of intra-setential found in the utterances of radio announcers.This data showed that the radio announcer used intra-lexical in her utterances.The word boundary "mengupdate" means the Indonesia prefix "me" which means "to" combined with English verb "update".
The following show the type of intra-lexical found in the utterances of radio announcers.

Conclusions
The research finding has shown that code mixing is found in the utterances of radio announcers taken from two different programs, namely; kiss weekly hot forty and movie buzz.The data showed that the Intra-setential and Intra-lexical were found, while the change of pronunciation happened for all English words.Their English pronunciation is very good, they are quite smart in mixing their Indonesian pronunciation and English pronunciation.
The Intra-setential is dominantly found in this research.The total number of intrasetential is 38, while the total number of intra-lexical is 6.The three types of code mixing, namely intra-sentential, intra-lexical, and a change of pronunciation are found.The type of code mixing in the utterances of radio announcers frequently happens either in phrases or word boundary; and the most dominant used of types of code mixing is Intra-setential in the form of phrase.The total of intra-sentential is 38, while the total of intra-lexical is only 6.

movie freaks, welcome back to movie buzz because wanna hear the movies you wanna watch and yes always Bea is here aku
This kind of code mixing occurs within a word boundary, for instance; "Hai music freaks, yang pasti sampai satu jam kedepan seperti biasa Nisa balik lagi buat nemeni kamu di Kiss Weekly Hot Forty The Show untuk mengupdate10 new entry yang diprediksi bakal jadi top hot air play di Kiss fm".
From the data above, the total of intra-lexical found in the transcription of the utterances of the radio announcers recorded from two different programs, namely: Kiss Weekly Hot Forty and Movie Buzz are presented below